Journal: International Journal of Nanomedicine

Article Title: Engineered Biomimetic Nanomicelles Target Inflammation in Sepsis-Associated Acute Lung Injury by Scavenging ROS and Reprogramming Macrophages

doi: 10.2147/IJN.S565422

Figure Lengend Snippet: MM@PT@CA modulates macrophage polarization. ( a ) Immunofluorescence images of CD86 and ( b ) quantitative analysis. ( c ) Immunofluorescence images of CD206 and ( d ) quantitative analysis. ( e ) Flow cytometric analysis of macrophage polarization status. ELISA quantification of inflammatory cytokines: ( f ) IL-1β, ( g ) TNF-α, ( h ) IL-10, and ( i ) Arg-1 expression levels. The positive control was dexamethasone. (*** p <0.001 vs control; # p <0.05, ## p <0.01, ### p <0.001 vs PBS).

Article Snippet: Macrophage polarization analysis was performed using PE/Cy7 anti-CD206 and FITC anti-CD86 antibodies from Proteintech (Wuhan, China).

Techniques: Immunofluorescence, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Expressing, Positive Control, Control

Journal: Journal of Extracellular Vesicles

Article Title: High‐Yield Outer Membrane Vesicles Derived From Probiotics as a Nanoplatform for Precise Treatment and Prophylaxis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection

doi: 10.1002/jev2.70194

Figure Lengend Snippet: In vitro immune response of antigen‐presenting cells activated by FI‐mOMVs. (a) Confocal microscopy images of antigen uptake by BMDCs after incubation with the indicated formulations for 6 h. The cell immunofluorescence staining was performed by the marker protein CD11c on the cell membrane. The cell nuclei were stained with DAPI. Scale bar, 100 µm. (b, c) Flow cytometry was used to detect the uptake efficiency of FI antigen after incubation with BMDCs (b), and the uptake level was quantified (c) ( n = 3). (d) The uptake efficiency of BMDCs on unbroken FI‐mOMVs and broken FI‐mOMVs was detected by flow cytometry ( n = 3). (e, f) Flow cytometry was performed to measure the percentage of CD80 + (e) or CD86 + (f) cells in CD11c + BMDCs after incubation with the indicated formulations for 24 h ( n = 3). (g) FITC‐FI, DiI‐mOMVs and DiI‐FI‐mOMVs were incubated with PMs for 6 h. The cell immunofluorescence staining was performed by the marker protein F4/80 on the cell membrane. After DAPI staining, laser scanning confocal microscopy was used to detect the uptake of FI‐mOMVs by PMs. Scale bar, 100 µm. (h, i) Flow cytometry was used to quantitatively detect the uptake level of FI antigen by PMs (h), and quantitative analysis was performed (i) ( n = 3). (j) The activities of immune‐related enzymes ACP, LDH, iNOS in PMs were detected by ELISA after different treatments for 12 h ( n = 3). (k) Production of TNF‐α, IL‐6, TGF‐β and IL‐10 in the cell supernatant measured by ELISA after different treatments for 12 h ( n = 3). The data are presented as mean ± SEM. Statistical analysis was performed by a two‐tailed unpaired Student's t ‐test, and differences were considered significant at p < 0.05. ns, not significant; * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001 and **** p < 0.0001.

Article Snippet: The BMDCs were collected and then labelled by PE anti‐mouse CD11c (cat# PE‐65130, Proteintech, USA), FITC anti‐mouse CD80 (cat# FITC‐65076, Proteintech, USA) and FITC anti‐mouse CD86 (cat# FITC‐65068, Proteintech, USA).

Techniques: In Vitro, Confocal Microscopy, Incubation, Immunofluorescence, Staining, Marker, Membrane, Flow Cytometry, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Two Tailed Test